除了"熬夜黨"和"早起鳥",其實還有一種人是"午睡派"

If you don't quite fit in among the morning people or night owls, well, you might soon have your own, more relatable, sleep category.

如果你既不是喜歡早起的人，也不是“夜貓子”，那麼你可能很快就會有一個更適合自己的睡眠類別。

Now, researchers propose two more so-called chronotypes: the "afternoon" person and the "napper." A chronotype is defined by the time of day a person is most alert and sleepiest.

現在，研究人員提出了另外兩個睡眠時間類型：午後派和午睡派。睡眠時間類型是由一個人每天最清醒和最犯困的時間來定義的。

A group of researchers in Belgium created and distributed a short online survey to over 1,300 people, ages 12 to 90, asking them questions about their sleep habits and tiredness levels throughout the day. They then analyzed the results in collaboration with a group in Russia.

比利時的一組研究人員設置了一份簡短的在線調查，詢問參與者全天的睡眠習慣和疲勞情況，有1300多名12歲至90歲的人蔘與了該調查。之後，他們與俄羅斯的一個組織合作分析了結果。

They found that indeed there were 631 people who fit into one of the two well-known night and morning categories. While larks are wide awake in the morning and sleepier as the day progresses, owls are just the opposite.

他們發現，確實有631人屬於衆所周知的晚睡型或早起型。“百靈鳥”在早晨非常清醒，然而隨着時間的推移越來越困，而“貓頭鷹”則恰恰相反。

But they also found, based on the wakefulness-sleepiness answers, that there were 550 participants that fell into one of two other groups, the nappers and the afternoon people.

但是，他們還發現，根據這些參與者對於清醒和犯困時間的回答，有550人屬於另外兩組：午睡派和午後派。

Of all the chronotypes, afternoon people wake up the sleepiest and then they become alert around 11 am, staying that way until about 5 pm, after which they get tired again. The "nappers" wake up alert and stay alert until about 11 am, after which they get really tired until about 3 pm. After 3 pm until about 10 pm, they are alert and productive again, as was first reported by Psychology Today.

在所有的睡眠類型中，“午後派”的人醒來時是最困的，上午11點左右他們會變得清醒，一直保持到下午5點左右，之後他們會再次感到疲勞。“午睡派”的人醒來後就是清醒的，直到上午11點左右，之後他們會變得非常疲憊直到下午3點左右，正如《今日心理學》雜誌最初報道的那樣，下午3點過後，直至晚上10點左右，他們一直清醒而且高效。

Still, the remaining 30% of participants didn't fall into any group.

不過，剩下30%的參與者並不屬於任何一個羣體。

Recognizing these categories is "important because some people can benefit from [an] afternoon nap and, you know, the conditions for an afternoon nap are not very good in the modern society," said lead author Arcady Putilov, a neurobiologist at the Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow. Maybe if the nappers, for example, took a quick 10-15 minute snooze during the day, their performance would increase, he told Live Science.

研究報告的第一作者、位於莫斯科的俄羅斯科學院高級神經活動與神經生理學研究所神經生物學家阿爾卡德·普季洛夫說，識別這些類型之所以重要是“因爲一些人可以從午睡中獲益，而且你知道，在現代社會，午睡的條件不太好”。他對趣味科學網站記者說，如果午睡型的人白天迅速用10到15分鐘的時間打一個盹兒，他們的效率也許就會提高。

The authors also found that the results, for the most part, held true in men and women, in both day- and night-shift workers and in all ages. There were some slight differences in age, such as older people tended to fall more into the "nappers" group.

研究者還發現，研究結果在很大程度上對男性和女性都適用，也適用於倒班的人，而且適用於所有年齡段。年齡上只有一些微小的差異，比如老年人往往更多地屬於“午睡”型羣體。

The scientists reported their findings May 27 in the journal Personality and Individual Differences.

科學家於5月27日在《性格與個體差異》雜誌上發表了他們的研究發現。