365天英語口語大全之交際口語(MP3+中英文本) 第53期:炒股
1.慣用口語句子：
There are gains and losses in the stock market.
股市有贏有輸。
Investing in stocks is risky.
投資股票有風險。
risky a. 有風險的，冒險的
In general, investments in the stock market produce good returns.
總體來說，股票投資的回報率很高。
investment n. 投資，投入（其動詞形式爲invest）
produce v. 產出，生產
return n. 回報，利潤
in general“總體來講，總體上說”
The price of stocks is skyrocketing.
股票價格正在狂漲。
This stock is going up/down.
這支股票在漲／跌。
The stock market is crazy now.
現在的股市都瘋了。
skyrocket v. 猛漲，突然高升
The share price keeps going down.
股票價格持續走跌。
Many private investors are dumping their shares.
評多小股民都在拋售股票。
share n. 股票
private a. 個人的，私人的，民間的
investor n. 投資者
dump v. 拋售，傾倒
I don't know if it's appropriate to enter the stock market right now.
我不知道現在進入股市合不合適。
appropriate a. 合適的，適當的
I decide on which share you should buy is quite hard sometimes.
要決定買哪一支股票有時相當困難。
You'd have to consider market tendencies. the company's growth potential, and you'd better know something about technical analysis.
你要考慮市場走勢、公司的發展潛力，而且最好還要懂點兒技術分析。
consider v. 考慮
tendency n. 趨勢，傾向，潮流
potential n. 潛能，潛力
analysis n. 分析，解析
Diversification is very important in today's market. In general, invest some of your money in bonds or funds, and about one-third in stocks.
在如今的市場中分散投資很重要。一般來說，將一部分錢投資到債券和基金，大約三分之一的錢投資股票。
diversification n. 多樣化，多元化，變化
bond n. 債券
fund n. 基金（常用複數），資金
one-third表示“三分之一”，前半部分用基數詞，后豐部分用序數詞。
A bull is a stock market in which the price of shares is going up and people are buying them.
牛市就是股價上漲、人們買進的股市。
A bear market is a situation in which the value of stocks is decreasing and people are selling them.熊市就是股價下跌、人們賣出的股市。
decrease v. 下降，減少（其反義詞爲increase）
bull和bear在這裏都是股票術語：bull指“牛市”，相當於“bull market”；bear指“熊市”，相當於“bear market”。
shares指“股票”，相當於stocks。
Which stock do you plan to buy?
你打算買哪支股票？
The stock market is surely a good place to put your spare cash, but it's risky. Be sure that you won't overextend yourself.
股票市場確實是安置閒散資金的好地方，但是有風險，注意要量力而行。
overextend v. 使承受過多，過分擴展
2.實用對話
Talking about Stocks談論股票
Daniel: What's a "bull market" and a "bear market"?
丹尼爾：什麼是“牛市”和“熊市”？
Nicole: A bull market is a stock market in which the price of shares is going up and people are buying them. A bear market is a situation in which the value of stocks is decreasing and people are selling them.
尼科爾：牛市就是股價上漲、人們買進的股市。熊市就是股價下跌、人們賣出的股市。
Daniel: Why are there ups and downs in the stock market?
丹尼爾：股票市場爲什麼會有漲有跌呢？
Nicole: Generally, if there are quite a lot of buyers, the share prices will rise. Otherwise, they will fall.
尼科爾：一般來說，買的人多了，股價就上漲。否則，股價就會跌。
Daniel: How can we make money off the stock market?
丹尼爾：我們怎樣才能從股市中賺錢呢？
Nicole: If you believe a stock price of a company will rise, you can either buy or hold it. If it does rise, you can sell your shares for a profit.
尼科爾：如果你相信一個公司的股價會上漲，你可以買進或持股不動。如果真的上漲了，你可以賣掉股票獲利。
Daniel: It sounds easy to make money from stocks.
丹尼爾：聽起來炒股賺錢好像很容易。
Nicole: Not at all. It's quite difficult at times to decide on which stock you should invest in. You'd have to consider market tendencies, the company's growth potential, and you'd better know something about technical analysis.
尼科爾：根本不是這麼回事。要決定買哪一支股票有時相當困難。你要考慮市場走勢、公司的發展潛力，而且最好還要懂點兒技術分析。
Daniel: That sounds a bit of risky. I might want to think twice before investing.
丹尼爾：聽起來有點兒冒險。我投資股票之前還是應該好好考慮一下。
3.詳細解說
1.“本段中的兩處“in which”均可換爲“where”，引導定語從句。
2.“ups and downs”意爲“盛衰，沉浮，升降”。
3.“off the stock market”在本對話中等同於“from the stock market”，“off”意爲“從”，屬於非正式用法，例如：What do you want off me?（你想從我這兒得到些什麼？）
3.“.”意爲“…或者…”，例如：I want to visit either Paris or London.（我想去巴黎或者倫敦遊覽一下。）Either you or I am wrong.（或者是你錯了，或者是我錯了。）
4.“think twice(before doing sth.)”表示“（在做某事之前）三思，認真考慮”。
4.文化洗禮
股票領域常用英文表達
我們在電視、報紙上經常會看到關於股市的信息、圖表等，你知道那些常用的術語用英語怎麼表達嗎？
1、上市公司報價資料常用語：
收盤價last sale
盤後交易after-hours
盤前交易pre-market
股價變化change
前一天的收盤價previous close
盤中最高價high
盤中最低價low
成交量volume（縮寫爲Vol）
市值market cap（縮寫爲MKT Cap）
平均成交量average volume（縮寫爲Avg Vol）
每股盈利earnings per share（縮寫爲EPS）
2.股市攀升的說法：
上漲: gain/rise/climb/increase/up
狂漲：soar/surge/jump
3.股市下跌的說法：
下跌: slip/fall/decline/drop/dip/down
狂跌: sink/plunge/plummet/slump
4.漲（跌）停板的說法：
漲停板limit up
跌停板limit down
5.牛市和熊市：
牛市bull market
熊市bear market
